解读葡萄酒标签

　　How to read the label

　　解读标签有助于鉴别新世界葡萄酒（产自美国，智利，阿根廷，南非，澳大利亚和新西兰）以及欧洲（传统世界）葡萄酒。通常新世界的葡萄酒标签和欧洲葡萄酒标签相比更加简单。

　　This is the first step. Here we have to distinguish the New World wines and the European wines. Traditionally, the wines from America, Chile, Argentina, South Africa, Australia and New-Zealand are called the “New World” wines. Their label is different with the European wines, but more simple.

　　1.葡萄酒名称，酒庄名称。

　　1. This is the brand's name

　　2.产区：上图中的纳帕谷（Napa Valley），在美国加州。

　　2. This is the region of production. Here you need to know“Napa Valley”is in California, America

　　3.制酒的主要葡萄品种：这是新世界葡萄酒标签最容易辨认的特征。上图为霞多丽。

　　3. This is the big specificity of the“New World”wines, they show the main grape variety that has been used to create the wine. Here it is the Chardonnay

　　4.收成年份

　　4. The vintage

　　5.其他具体信息

　　5. Specific informations regarding the wine

　　1.酒名，酒庄名：上图为著名的“白马酒庄”

　　1.Brand’s name, here the famous “Chateau Cheval Blanc”

　　2.官方葡萄酒等级（若有）：上图显示的是波尔多葡萄酒等级。

　　2. Official ranking, if any. Here is refers to a Bordeaux wines ranking

　　3.收成年份

　　3.Vintage

　　4.欧盟葡萄酒等级管制认证名称：特定品牌的葡萄酒有特定的管制和认证。上图代表在特定制酒条件下制成的圣埃美隆（Saint-Emilion）葡萄酒：特定的葡萄品种，特定的混合方式，特定的收成年份。管制认证是对葡萄酒品质的保证。

　　4. This is specific to the European union: there are granted certifications for certain type of wine. Here the Saint-Emilion is a wine made under certain criteria: certain grape variety, certain blend, certain harvest. It is the guarantee of a quality we can expect.

　　5.由欧盟认证：法定产区等级葡萄酒（AOC，法国酒）

　　5.The proof of this granted certification from the EU: Appellation d’origine controlee (for French wines)

　　6.其他具体信息

　　6.Specific informations

　　食物和葡萄酒的搭配

　　How to pair food and wine

　　点餐过后，您需要考虑以下元素：食物口感强烈程度，酸度，脂肪，甜度，重量，辣度。然后根据以上因素选择合适的葡萄酒。下图为舌头感受味道的区域。

　　First you choose your food. Then you need to consider its following elements of your food: intensity, acidity, fat, sweet, body, spices. Then, you need to match the flavour of the wine with the flavour of the food. Here is how we feel the flavours on the tongue:

　　强度Intensity

　　我们将食物分为高强度和低强度：土豆的强度低，而鸭肉强度高。食物的强度和葡萄酒的强度必须匹配。如果食物强度较高而葡萄酒强度低，会感受不到酒的味道。酒味道重而食物强度不够，葡萄酒就会把食物的味道覆盖住。

　　Here we split between food of low or high intensity: potatoes don’t have an intense taste, while duck has. The food and the wine must have the same intensity. If you choose an intense food with a low intensity wine, you won’t feel the wine. If you drink a strong wines with a food which has a weak taste the wine will overwhelm it.

　　示例：鸭肉需要搭配味道强烈的红葡萄酒，如波尔多。如果您点了蒸鸡肉，就可以搭配中低强度的白葡萄酒，如霞多丽。

　　Example:duck meat goes well with strong red wine, from Bordeaux. If you eat a dish made from steamed chicken, drink a white wine with a low-medium intensity, like Chardonnay.

　　酸度Acidity

　　酸度强的食物有助于让您感受到葡萄酒的甜味，反之，酸度强的葡萄酒有助于感受食物的甜味。食物和葡萄酒酸度搭配需要平衡。

　　Acid food increases the feeling of sweet in the wine, while acid wine increase the feeling of sweet in food. Match the level of acidity in both wine and food.

　  示例：沙拉搭配酸度白葡萄酒。

　  Example: a salad must be paired with an acid white wine.

　　脂肪Fat

　　高脂肪食物需要强酸度的红葡萄酒佐餐。红酒中单宁含量高，酸度高，可以缓解高脂肪食物的油腻感，让食物口感更加柔顺，让口腔产生愉悦感。

　　Fat food must be paired with strong acid red wines. They are rich in tannins and high in acidity, which will reduce the sensation of fat in mouth and increase the unctuousness.

　  示例：富含浓郁酱汁的食物搭配意大利红葡萄酒。

　  Example: dishes with a rich sauce with a strong Italian red wine.

　　重量Body

　　土豆味道强度低但重量大，会有种充满口腔的感觉。重量大的食物搭配酒体丰满的葡萄酒，酒体丰满会给人“充满口腔”的感觉。

　　Potatoes don’t have an intense flavour, but they have a strong“body”, they fill the mouth. Food with a strong body must be paired with a wine having an equally strong body, that also“fill the mouth”when drinking.

　　示例：海鲜类食物肉质鲜嫩，佐餐酒为酒体轻盈的白葡萄酒，如法国卢瓦尔河谷所产的葡萄酒。

　　Example:seafood has a delicate flesh, pair it with white wines having a delicate body, like wines from Loire Valley in France.

　　度Spices

　　辣味的食物需要选择有辣味口感强烈的酒。

　　Spicy food must be paired with a wine with intense flavours of spices.

　　示例：西拉葡萄酒最适合搭配辣味食物。

　　Example:wines made from Syrah (or Shiraz in Australia) are a perfect match with spicy food.

　　甜度Sweet

　　甜味食物会增强对葡萄酒的酸味的感受，甜味酒则会让凸显食物的酸味。因此食物与酒的甜度必须达到一定的平衡。

　　Sweet in the food will increase the acidity of the wine, while sweet wines increase the acidity feelings of the food. The level of sweet in the food and wine must reach a good balance.

　　示例：甜点搭配甜味的波尔多葡萄酒或者德国产的甜味葡萄酒。

　　Example:pair your desserts with sweet Bordeaux wines or the sweet wines from Germany

　　搭配要点总结

Summary for pairing

红葡萄酒/红肉

Red wines / red meat

白葡萄酒/白肉

White wines / white meat

甜味的酒/甜味或咸味食物

Sweet wines / sweet or salted food

酸味的酒/味道强和多脂食物

Acid wines / rich or creamy food

酒体坚实的葡萄酒/厚重的食物

Strong body wines / thick food

口感强烈的葡萄酒/辣味食物

Flavorful wines / spicy food

　　了解食物和葡萄酒搭配最简单的办法只有一个：尝试，尝试，再尝试。尝试不同的搭配，没有什么绝对正确或错误的搭配。最适合自己口味的就是最好的！

　　There is only one option for make it easy: try, try and try again different combinations. There is no big mistake, if you enjoy a certain pairing there is no need to change!

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (来源：Guillaume)